2015/02/06 DeckTrades

A practical tutorial on laying out simple deck stairs: rise, run, stair angle and stringer layout.

The tutorial builds the simplest style of deck stairs: 2×12 stringers without notched angles, two 2×6 boards per tread and 2×4 tread supports. Following the building-code ranges quoted on the page - tread run between 9″ and 14″ with a clear run of at least 8-1/4″, and rise between 5″ and 8″ - the stair angle falls between 19.7° and 44.1°, with about 34° considered the most comfortable. The worked example uses an 11″ run and a 7-1/2″ rise, a 34.3° stair, and shows how to divide a 37-1/2″ total rise into five steps, then lay out and cut the stringers.

Service area: YKWoodWorking serves Toronto, Mississauga, Brampton, Vaughan, Richmond Hill, Markham, Oakville and Burlington in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA).

About this project

What rise and run does the tutorial use?

An 11″ run with a 7-1/2″ rise, giving a comfortable 34.3° stair angle.

What materials are the stairs built from?

2×12 stringers, two 2×6 boards per tread and 2×4 supports.

Original tutorial (Chinese) 中文原文

当前的任务是做一个楼梯,从deck上走下来,做最简单的

楼梯的款式,如下图所示:使用2×12楼梯侧板,不切斜角,每级楼梯使用两片2×6作为楼梯板,2×4作为楼梯板支撑。

1,确定每一级楼梯的高度和跨度

按照多伦多市目前building code要求,每级楼梯板跨度在9“~14”之间,每级楼梯净跨度不应小于8-1/4“,高度为5“~8”之间。

因此我们可以得到,楼梯的角度应当在 19.7º ~ 44.1º 之间。

但是楼梯角度过大或过小都会引起不适,通常大家认为34º左右为最佳楼梯角度,我们也应当将楼梯角度选定为34º左右。

通常情况下,我的楼梯默认跨度设定为11”,这是两片2×6的宽度,因为一般情况下我会使用两片2×6作为楼梯板,为了简化结构,我并不会将两级楼梯板做重叠,所以级跨度设定为11“。

级高度一般我会选择7-1/2”左右,当11“跨度对应7-1/2”高度时,楼梯角度为34.3º,是个很不错的角度。

实际每一级高度为多少,还要由楼梯总高度来决定。

2,楼梯总高度和总跨度

楼梯总高度即为Deck上表面到楼梯末端地面之间的高度差。当地面是平的时候,楼梯总高度即为Deck上表面到地面的高度,本例中暂不考虑地面不平的情况。

楼梯总跨度为每级跨度乘以楼梯级数,有些情况下,楼梯总跨度是固定的,如连接高层deck和landing之间的楼梯,这些情况在此不做考虑。

3,计算楼梯级数,每级高度,楼梯总跨度

本例中,楼梯总高度为37-1/2“,按照每级楼梯5~8寸高度的要求,我们可以有三种楼梯级数分割方法:

5级,每级高度 7-1/2”,楼梯角度34.3º

6级,每级高度6-1/4“,楼梯角度29.6º

7级,每级高度5-3/8”,楼梯角度26º

按照34度最佳角度标准来看,7-1/2“楼梯高度为最佳,即该楼梯总计5级

因之前设定楼梯每级跨度为11“,故楼梯总跨度为5×11” = 55”,实际跨度减少一级,为44“

4,在第一片楼梯侧板上画出切割外形和每一级楼梯

5,切割第一片楼梯侧板

6,绘制第二篇楼梯侧板并切割

Related guide: Do you need a permit to build a deck in Toronto? The 24-inch rule explained

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